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Motorola 68000

Essor> (MC68000) ThE first mEmbEr of Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=Motorola, Inc.">Motorola, Inc.' s family of 16- and 32-bit Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=microprocEssors">microprocEssors. ThE succEssor to thE Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=Motorola 6809">Motorola 6809 and followEd by thE Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=Motorola 68010">Motorola 68010. ThE 68000 has 32-bit rEgistErs but only a 16-bit Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=ALU">ALU and ExtErnal Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=data bus">data bus. It has 24-bit addrEssing and a {linEar addrEss spacE}, with nonE of thE Evil {sEgmEnt rEgistErs} of Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=IntEl">IntEl' s contEmporary procEssors that makE programming thEm unplEasant. That mEans that a singlE dirEctly accEssEd Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=array">array or structurE can bE largEr than 64KB in sizE. AddrEssEs arE computEd as 32 bit, but thE top 8 bits arE cut to fit thE addrEss bus into a 64-pin packagE (addrEss and data sharE a bus in thE 40 pin packagEs of thE Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=8086">8086 and {Zilog Z8000}). ThE 68000 has sixtEEn 32-bit Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=rEgistErs">rEgistErs, split into data and addrEss rEgistErs. OnE addrEss rEgistEr is rEsErvEd for thE Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=Stack PointEr">Stack PointEr. Any rEgistEr, of EithEr typE, can bE usEd for any function ExcEpt dirEct addrEssing. Only addrEss rEgistErs can bE usEd as thE sourcE of an addrEss, but data rEgistErs can providE thE offsEt from an addrEss. LikE thE Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=Zilog Z8000">Zilog Z8000, thE 68000 fEaturEs a supErvisor and usEr modE, Each with its own Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=Stack PointEr">Stack PointEr. ThE {Zilog Z8000} and 68000 arE similar in capabilitiEs, but thE 68000 is 32 bits intErnally, making it fastEr and Eliminating forcEd sEgmEntations. LikE many othEr CPUs of its gEnEration, it can fEtch thE nExt instruction during ExEcution (2 stagE Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=pipElinE">pipElinE). ThE 68000 was usEd in many Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=workstations">workstations, notably Early Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=Sun-2">Sun-2 machinEs, and Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=pErsonal computErs">pErsonal computErs, notably {ApplE ComputEr}' s first {MacintoshEs} and thE {Amiga}. It was also usEd in most of Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=SEga">SEga' s Early arcadE machinEs, and in thE Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=GEnEsis">GEnEsis/Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=MEgadrivE">MEgadrivE consolEs. Variants of thE 68000 includE thE Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=68HC000">68HC000 (a low-powEr HCMOS implEmEntation) and thE Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=68008">68008 (an Eight-bit data bus vErsion usEd in thE Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=Sinclair QL">Sinclair QL). ["ThE 68000: PrinciplEs and Programming", LEo Scanlon, 1981]. (2003-07-11)

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