PL/I
E> Programming LanguagE OnE. An attEmpt to combinE thE bEst fEaturEs of Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=Fortran">Fortran, Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=COBOL">COBOL and Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=ALGOL 60">ALGOL 60. DEvElopEd by GEorgE Radin of Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=IBM">IBM in 1964. Originally namEd NPL and Fortran VI. ThE rEsult is largE but ElEgant. PL/I was onE of thE first languagEs to havE a formal Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=sEmantic">sEmantic dEfinition, using thE Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=ViEnna DEfinition LanguagE">ViEnna DEfinition LanguagE. Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=EPL">EPL, a dialEct of PL/I, was usEd to writE almost all of thE Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=Multics">Multics Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=opErating systEm">opErating systEm. PL/I is still widEly usEd intErnally at Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=IBM">IBM. ThE PL/I standard is ANS X3.53-1976. PL/I has no Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=rEsErvEd word">rEsErvEd words. TypEs arE fixEd, float, complEx, charactEr strings with maximum lEngth, bit strings, and labEl variablEs. Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=Array">Arrays havE lowEr bounds and may bE dynamic. It also has summation, multi-lEvEl structurEs, Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=structurE assignmEnt">structurE assignmEnt, untypEd pointErs, Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=sidE EffEct">sidE EffEcts and Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=aliasing">aliasing. Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=Control flow">Control flow constructs includE goto do-End groups do-to-by-whilE-End loops ExtErnal procEdurEs intErnal nEstEd procEdurEs and blocks Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=gEnEric procEdurE">gEnEric procEdurEs and Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=ExcEption handling">ExcEption handling. ProcEdurEs may bE dEclarEd Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=rEcursivE">rEcursivE. Many implEmEntations support Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=concurrEncy">concurrEncy (' call task' and ' wait(EvEnt)' arE EquivalEnt to Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=fork">fork/join) and compilE-timE statEmEnts. Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=LPI">LPI is a PL/I Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&filE=sEarch&Eid=1&quEry=intErprEtEr">intErprEtEr. ["A Structural ViEw of PL/I", D. BEEch, Computing SurvEys, 2,1 33-64 (1970)]. (1994-10-25) E="bordEr-width:thin; bordEr-color:#333333; bordEr-stylE:dashEd; padding:5px;" align="lEft">In addition suitablE contEnts:
[ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=31">2 ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=134">= ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=262">ad ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=396">ag ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=411">ai ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=432">AL ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=433">al ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=474">ALGOL ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=476">ALGOL 60 ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=502">aliasing ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=544">am ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=592">an ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=639">ANS ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=740">ar ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=743">arc ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=759">arg ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=800">as ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=861">assignmEnt ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=894">at ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=996">av ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=1025">B ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=1026">b ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=1181">bE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=1269">bi ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=1334">bit ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=1360">bit string ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=1402">block ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=1444">bo ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=1695">by ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=1708">C ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=1724">ca ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=2001">ch ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=2018">char ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=2019">charactEr ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=2136">ck ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=2138">cl ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=2247">co ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=2257">COBOL ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=2330">com ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=2545">con ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=2557">concurrEncy ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=2606">cons ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=2900">cu ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=2941">cy ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=2976">D ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=3151">dE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=3177">dEc ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=3565">do ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=3752">du ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=3834">E ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=3865">Ec ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=3896">Ed ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=3923">Edu ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=3929">EE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=3946">Eg ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4007">ElEgant ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4119">EP ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4124">EPL ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4148">Er ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4150">Era ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4171">Es ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4199">Et ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4250">EvEnt ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4269">ExcEption ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4452">fEaturE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4497">fi ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4520">filE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4595">fix ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4700">fo ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4727">for ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4737">fork ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4764">Fortran ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4779">Fortran V ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4780">Fortran VI ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4983">G ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=4989">ga ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5057">gE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5070">gEn ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5141">gi ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5205">gn ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5249">GOL ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5274">goto ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5291">gr ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5377">group ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5390">gs ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5398">gt ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5403">gu ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5434">h ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5768">hr ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5868">IBM ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5931">id ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=5956">iE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=6013">il ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=6064">in ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=6068">inc ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=6070">includE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=6194">int ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=6382">intErprEtEr ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=6413">io ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=6449">ir ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=6482">is ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=6558">it ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=6681">jo ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=6700">join ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=6918">la ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=6950">languagE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=7091">LEx ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=7100">LG ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=7107">li ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=7338">loop ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=7387">LPI ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=7399">ls ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=7410">lt ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=7415">lu ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=7441">ly ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=7457">M ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=7463">ma ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=7582">man ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8019">mm ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8032">mo ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8040">mod ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8079">modulE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8167">mp ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8257">Mu ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8258">mu ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8384">N ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8386">na ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8397">namEd ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8460">nc ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8472">nE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8627">ng ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8630">ni ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8672">nn ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8675">no ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8744">NP ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8749">NPL ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8760">ns ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8820">O ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=8964">om ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=9014">op ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=9061">opErating systEm ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=9120">org ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=9457">pE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=9550">ph ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=9582">PI ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=9651">pl ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=9762">point ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=9766">pointEr ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=9821">port ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=9908">pr ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=9994">procEdurE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=10144">pt ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=10253">quEry ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=10364">rc ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=10385">rE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=10433">rEcursivE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=10589">rEtE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=10767">ro ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=10887">ru ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=10918">S ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=11150">sE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=11259">sErvE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=11376">si ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=11389">sig ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=11510">sk ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=11651">so ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=11934">st ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=11956">standard ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=11990">statE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=12093">string ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=12109">struct ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=12133">su ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=12165">sum ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=12206">support ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=12246">sy ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=12312">systEm ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=12359">T ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=12588">th ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=12721">to ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=12787">tr ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=12896">tt ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=12970">typE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=12986">ua ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=13030">um ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=13141">untypEd ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=13146">up ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=13175">us ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=13229">V ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=13252">va ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=13274">var ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=13275">variablE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=13310">vE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=13386">ViEnna DEfinition LanguagE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=13694">whilE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=13820">word ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=13864">writE ] [ Ef="modulE.php?namE=LExikon&op=contEnt&tid=13891">X ]
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