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ABC
1. er> ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=Atanasoff-Berry Computer">Atanasoff-Berry Computer. 2. e> An ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=imperative">imperative language and programming environment from ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=CWI">CWI, Netherlands. It is interactive, structured, high-level, and easy to learn and use. It is a general-purpose language which you might use instead of ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=BASIC">BASIC, ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=Pascal">Pascal or ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=AWK">AWK. It is not a systems-programming language but is good for teaching or prototyping. ABC has only five data types that can easily be combined ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=strong typing">strong typing, yet without declarations data limited only by memory refinements to support top-down programming nesting by indentation. Programs are typically around a quarter the size of the equivalent ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=Pascal">Pascal or ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=C">C program, and more readable. ABC includes a programming environment with ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=syntax-directed">syntax-directed editing, ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=suggestion">suggestions, ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=persistent variables">persistent variables and multiple workspaces and ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=infinite precision">infinite precision arithmetic. An example function words to collect the set of all words in a document: HOW TO ReTURN words document: PUT ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query="> IN collection FOR line in document: FOR word IN split line: IF word not.in collection: INSeRT word IN collection ReTURN collection ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=Interpreter">Interpreter/ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=compiler">compiler, version 1.04.01, by Leo Geurts, Lambert Meertens, Steven Pemberton even.Pemberton@cwi.nl>. ABC has been ported to ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=Unix">Unix, ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=MS-DOS">MS-DOS, ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=Atari">Atari, ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=Macintosh">Macintosh. ef="http://www.cwi.nl/cwi/projects/abc.html">Start . ef="ftp://ftp.eu.net/programming/languages/abc">FTP eu.net , ef="ftp://ftp.nluug.nl/programming/languages/abc">FTP nluug.nl , ef="ftp://ftp.uu.net/languages/abc">FTP uunet . Mailing list: equest@cwi.nl>. e-mail: . ["The ABC Programmer' s Handbook" by Leo Geurts, Lambert Meertens and Steven Pemberton, published by Prentice-Hall (ISBN 0-13-000027-2)]. ["An Alternative Simple Language and environment for PCs" by Steven Pemberton, Ieee Software, Vol. 4, No. 1, January 1987, pp. 56-64.] (1995-02-09) 2. e> Argument, Basic value, C?. An ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=abstract machine">abstract machine for implementation of {functional languages} and its intermediate code. [P. Koopman, "Functional Programs as executable Specifications", 1990]. (1995-02-09) e="border-width:thin; border-color:#333333; border-style:dashed; padding:5px;" align="left">In addition suitable contents:
[ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=31">2 ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=134">= ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=135">@ ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=179">abstract machine ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=262">ad ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=396">ag ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=411">ai ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=433">al ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=544">am ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=592">an ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=740">ar ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=743">arc ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=799">AS ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=800">as ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=825">ASIC ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=894">at ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=899">Atanasoff-Berry Computer ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=903">Atari ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1025">B ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1026">b ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1168">BC ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1181">be ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1269">bi ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1444">bo ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1606">bs ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1695">by ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1708">C ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1724">ca ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1863">cat ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2001">ch ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2099">ci ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2138">cl ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2247">co ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2273">code ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2330">com ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2429">compiler ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2490">Computer ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2491">computer ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2900">cu ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2933">CW ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2935">CWI ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2976">D ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3006">data ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3091">data type ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3151">de ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3177">dec ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3565">do ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3568">doc ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3573">document ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3623">DOS ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3649">down ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3752">du ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3834">e ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3865">ec ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3896">ed ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3929">ee ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4111">environment ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4147">eR ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4148">er ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4150">era ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4171">es ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4198">eT ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4199">et ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4497">fi ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4520">file ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4559">finite ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4700">fo ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4727">for ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4828">fr ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4909">FT ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4911">FTP ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4939">Fun ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4940">function ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4941">functional ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4945">functional language ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4983">G ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5057">ge ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5070">gen ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5134">gh ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5291">gr ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5403">gu ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5434">h ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5540">hat ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5656">hing ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5675">hm ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5768">hr ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5779">ht ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5903">IC ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5931">id ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5955">Ie ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5959">Ieee ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6013">il ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6064">in ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6068">inc ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6070">include ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6103">infinite ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6194">int ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6255">interactive ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6294">intermediate code ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6413">io ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6449">ir ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6468">iron ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6481">IS ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6482">is ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6558">it ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6589">J ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6760">K ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6918">la ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6950">language ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7078">Leo ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7091">Lex ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7107">li ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7151">line ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7220">list ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7410">lt ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7415">lu ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7441">ly ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7457">M ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7463">ma ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7465">Mac ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7479">machine ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7540">mail ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7582">man ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7749">memory ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8008">ml ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8019">mm ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8032">mo ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8040">mod ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8079">module ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8167">mp ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8228">ms ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8234">MS-DOS ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8258">mu ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8384">N ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8386">na ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8460">nc ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8472">ne ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8488">net ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8622">nf ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8627">ng ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8630">ni ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8660">nl ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8675">no ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8760">ns ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8766">NSe ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8787">nu ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8820">O ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8964">om ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9014">op ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9100">OR ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9132">OS ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9204">pa ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9390">PC ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9457">pe ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9514">persistent ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9550">ph ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9616">ping ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9651">pl ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9740">pm ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9821">port ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9908">pr ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9919">precision ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10023">program ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10042">programming ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10044">programming language ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10105">prototyping ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10244">quarter ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10253">query ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10256">ques ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10364">rc ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10384">Re ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10385">re ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10589">rete ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10754">rl ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10767">ro ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10887">ru ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10918">S ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11010">sc ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11149">Se ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11150">se ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11281">set ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11314">sh ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11375">SI ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11376">si ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11651">so ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11757">space ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11789">Spec ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11851">split ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11934">st ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12107">strong typing ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12109">struct ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12133">su ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12206">support ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12246">sy ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12295">syntax ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12312">system ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12359">T ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12369">table ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12416">tar ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12588">th ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12708">tm ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12721">to ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12777">tp ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12787">tr ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12873">tron ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12896">tt ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12932">TURN ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12939">tw ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12970">type ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12986">ua ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13008">ug ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13030">um ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13146">up ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13172">URN ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13175">us ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13229">V ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13252">va ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13260">value ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13274">var ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13275">variable ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13310">ve ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13335">version ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13366">vi ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13820">word ] [ ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=14042">ye ]
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