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Lexikon

dongle

e> /dong' gl/ (From "dangle" - because it dangles off the computer?) 1. ecurity> A security or ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=copy protection">copy protection device for commercial ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=microcomputer">microcomputer programs that must be connected to an ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=I/O port">I/O port of the computer while the program is run. Programs that use a dongle query the port at start-up and at programmed intervals thereafter, and terminate if it does not respond with the expected validation code. One common form consisted of a serialised ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=ePROM">ePROM and some drivers in a ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=D-25">D-25 connector shell. Dongles attempt to combat ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=software theft">software theft by ensuring that, while users can still make copies of the program (e.g. for ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=backup">backup), they must buy one dongle for each simultaneous use of the program. The idea was clever, but initially unpopular with users who disliked tying up a port this way. By 1993 almost all dongles passed data through transparently while monitoring for their particular ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=magic">magic codes (and combinations of status lines) with minimal if any interference with devices further down the line. This innovation was necessary to allow ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=daisy-chained">daisy-chained dongles for multiple pieces of software. In 1998, dongles and other copy protection systems are fairly uncommon for ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows software but one engineer in a print and ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=CADD">CADD bureau reports that their ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=Macintosh">Macintosh computers typically run seven dongles: After effects, electric Image, two for Media 100, Ultimatte, elastic Reality and CADD. These dongles are made for the Mac' s daisy-chainable ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=ADB">ADB port. The term is used, by extension, for any physical electronic key or transferable ID required for a program to function. Common variations on this theme have used the ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=parallel port">parallel port or even the ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=joystick">joystick port or a ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=dongle-disk">dongle-disk. An early 1992 advertisment from Rainbow Technologies (a manufacturer of dongles) claimed that the word derived from "Don Gall", the alleged inventor of the device. The company' s receptionist however said that the story was a myth invented for the ad. [ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=Jargon File">Jargon File] (1998-12-13) 2. A small adaptor cable that connects, e.g. a ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=PCMCIA">PCMCIA ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=modem">modem to a telephone socket or a PCMCIA ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=network card">network card to an ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=RJ45">RJ45 ef="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=network cable">network cable. (2002-09-29)

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