<
hardware> (LCD) An electro-optical device used to display digits, c
haracters or images, commonly used in digital watc
hes, calculators, and portable computers. T
he
heart of t
he liquid crystal display is a piece of {liquid crystal} material placed between a pair of transparent
href="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=electrodes">electrodes. T
he liquid crystal c
hanges t
he p
hase of t
he lig
ht passing t
hroug
h it and t
his p
hase c
hange can be controlled by t
he
href="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=voltage">voltage applied between t
he electrodes. If suc
h a unit is placed between a pair of
href="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=plane polariser">plane polariser plates t
hen lig
ht can pass t
hroug
h it only if t
he correct voltage is applied. Liquid crystal displays are formed by integrating a number of suc
h cells, or more usually, by using a single liquid crystal plate and a pattern of electrodes. T
he simplest kind of liquid crystal displays, t
hose used in digital watc
hes and calculators, contain a common electrode plane covering one side and a pattern of electrodes on t
he ot
her. T
hese electrodes can be individually controlled to produce t
he appropriate display. Computer displays,
however, require far too many pixels (typically between 50,000 and several millions) to make t
his sc
heme, in particular its wiring, feasible. T
he electrodes are t
herefore replaced by a number of row electrodes on one side and column electrodes on t
he ot
her. By applying voltage to one row and several columns t
he
href="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=pixels">pixels at t
he intersections are set. T
he pixels being set one row after t
he ot
her, in {passive matrix} displays t
he number of rows is limited by t
he ratio of t
he setting and fading times. In t
he setup described above (known as "
href="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=twisted nematic">twisted nematic") t
he number of rows is limited to about 20. Using an alternative "
href="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=supertwisted nematic">supertwisted nematic" setup
href="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=VGA">VGA quality displays (480 rows) can be easily built. As of 1995 most
href="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=notebook computers">notebook computers used t
his tec
hnique. Fading can be slowed by putting an active element, suc
h as a
href="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=transistor">transistor, on t
he top of eac
h pixel. T
his "remembers" t
he setting of t
hat pixel. T
hese
href="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=active matrix">active matrix displays are of muc
h better quality (as good as
href="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=CRTs">CRTs) but are muc
h more expensive t
han t
he passive matrix displays. LCDs are slimmer, lig
hter and consume less power t
han t
he previous dominant display type, t
he
href="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=cathode ray tube">cathode ray tube,
hence t
heir importance for
href="module.php?name=Lexikon&file=search&eid=1&query=portable computers">portable computers. (1995-12-09)
In addition suitable contents:
[ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=31">2 ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=134">= ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=262">ad ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=383">af ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=396">ag ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=411">ai ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=433">al ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=531">alt ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=544">am ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=592">an ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=683">app ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=740">ar ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=743">arc ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=800">as ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=894">at ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1025">B ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1026">b ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1181">be ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1444">bo ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1695">by ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1708">C ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1724">ca ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1757">calculator ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1863">cat ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1873">cathode ray tube ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1913">CD ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=1944">cell ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2001">ch ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2018">char ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2019">character ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2247">co ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2330">com ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2490">Computer ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2491">computer ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2545">con ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2606">cons ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2656">control ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2790">CR ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2791">cr ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2836">CRT ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2900">cu ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=2976">D ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3151">de ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3327">device ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3384">digit ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3386">digital ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3436">ding ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3497">display ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3565">do ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3752">du ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3754">dual ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3865">ec ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3896">ed ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3929">ee ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=3946">eg ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4008">element ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4148">er ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4150">era ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4171">es ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4199">et ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4451">feasible ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4497">fi ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4520">file ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4700">fo ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4727">for ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4983">G ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=4988">GA ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5057">ge ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5134">gh ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5141">gi ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5171">gl ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5291">gr ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5434">h ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5493">hang ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5512">hardware ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5540">hat ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5681">hn ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5722">hose ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5768">hr ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5779">ht ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5931">id ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=5956">ie ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6013">il ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6024">image ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6053">import ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6064">in ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6194">int ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6413">io ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6446">iq ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6449">ir ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6482">is ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6558">it ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6789">ke ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6822">ki ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6861">kn ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=6918">la ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7014">lc ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7017">LCD ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7091">Lex ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7107">li ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7399">ls ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7410">lt ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7415">lu ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7441">ly ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7463">ma ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7582">man ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7932">mil ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=7935">mill ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8019">mm ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8029">mn ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8032">mo ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8040">mod ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8079">module ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8167">mp ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8258">mu ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8386">na ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8460">nc ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8472">ne ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8627">ng ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8630">ni ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8660">nl ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8675">no ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8730">notebook ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8760">ns ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8787">nu ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=8964">om ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9014">op ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9204">pa ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9306">parent ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9362">passive matrix display ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9457">pe ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9550">ph ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9553">phase ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9640">pixel ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9651">pl ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9738">ply ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9821">port ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9823">portable ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=9908">pr ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10144">pt ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10229">quality ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10253">query ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10364">rc ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10385">re ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10767">ro ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=10820">row ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11010">sc ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11150">se ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11281">set ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11376">si ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11525">sl ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11541">slim ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=11934">st ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12133">su ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12165">sum ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12359">T ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12369">table ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12380">tag ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12440">tc ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12588">th ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12721">to ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12787">tr ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12815">transistor ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12824">transparent ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12871">troll ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12896">tt ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12905">tube ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12939">tw ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12970">type ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=12986">ua ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13008">ug ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13012">uid ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13030">um ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13146">up ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13175">us ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13229">V ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13310">ve ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13357">VGA ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13366">vi ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13500">voltage ] [ href="module.php?name=Lexikon&op=content&tid=13877">ws ]