1. The practice of translating a hot spot of a program in a HLL into hand-tuned assembly language, as opposed to trying to coerce the compiler into generating better code. Both the term and the practice are becoming uncommon. See tune, bum, by hand synonym with cruft. 2. More generally, manual construction or patching of data sets that would normally be generated by a translation utility and interpreted by another program, and aren' t really designed to be read or modified by humans. [Jargon File] (1995-02-16)